/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.feilong.lib.lang3.reflect;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;

import com.feilong.lib.lang3.ArrayUtils;
import com.feilong.lib.lang3.ClassUtils;
import com.feilong.lib.lang3.Validate;

/**
 * <p>
 * Utility reflection methods focused on {@link Method}s, originally from Commons BeanUtils.
 * Differences from the BeanUtils version may be noted, especially where similar functionality
 * already existed within Lang.
 * </p>
 *
 * <h2>Known Limitations</h2>
 * <h3>Accessing Public Methods In A Default Access Superclass</h3>
 * <p>
 * There is an issue when invoking {@code public} methods contained in a default access superclass on JREs prior to 1.4.
 * Reflection locates these methods fine and correctly assigns them as {@code public}.
 * However, an {@link IllegalAccessException} is thrown if the method is invoked.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * {@link MethodUtils} contains a workaround for this situation.
 * It will attempt to call {@link java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject#setAccessible(boolean)} on this method.
 * If this call succeeds, then the method can be invoked as normal.
 * This call will only succeed when the application has sufficient security privileges.
 * If this call fails then the method may fail.
 * </p>
 *
 * @since 2.5
 */
public class MethodUtils{

    private static final Comparator<Method> METHOD_BY_SIGNATURE = (m1,m2) -> m1.toString().compareTo(m2.toString());

    /**
     * <p>
     * {@link MethodUtils} instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
     * Instead, the class should be used as
     * {@code MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(method)}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This constructor is {@code public} to permit tools that require a JavaBean
     * instance to operate.
     * </p>
     */
    public MethodUtils(){
        super();
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a named method without parameters.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method delegates the method search to {@link #getMatchingAccessibleMethod(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This is a convenient wrapper for
     * {@link #invokeMethod(Object object, String methodName, Object[] args, Class[] parameterTypes)}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible via reflection
     *
     * @since 3.4
     */
    public static Object invokeMethod(final Object object,final String methodName)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        return invokeMethod(object, methodName, ArrayUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY, null);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a named method without parameters.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This is a convenient wrapper for
     * {@link #invokeMethod(Object object, boolean forceAccess, String methodName, Object[] args, Class[] parameterTypes)}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param forceAccess
     *            force access to invoke method even if it's not accessible
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible via reflection
     *
     * @since 3.5
     */
    public static Object invokeMethod(final Object object,final boolean forceAccess,final String methodName)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        return invokeMethod(object, forceAccess, methodName, ArrayUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY, null);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a named method whose parameter type matches the object type.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method delegates the method search to {@link #getMatchingAccessibleMethod(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method supports calls to methods taking primitive parameters
     * via passing in wrapping classes. So, for example, a {@code Boolean} object
     * would match a {@code boolean} primitive.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This is a convenient wrapper for
     * {@link #invokeMethod(Object object, String methodName, Object[] args, Class[] parameterTypes)}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat null as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible via reflection
     */
    public static Object invokeMethod(final Object object,final String methodName,Object...args)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);
        final Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ClassUtils.toClass(args);
        return invokeMethod(object, methodName, args, parameterTypes);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a named method whose parameter type matches the object type.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method supports calls to methods taking primitive parameters
     * via passing in wrapping classes. So, for example, a {@code Boolean} object
     * would match a {@code boolean} primitive.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This is a convenient wrapper for
     * {@link #invokeMethod(Object object, boolean forceAccess, String methodName, Object[] args, Class[] parameterTypes)}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param forceAccess
     *            force access to invoke method even if it's not accessible
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat null as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible via reflection
     *
     * @since 3.5
     */
    public static Object invokeMethod(final Object object,final boolean forceAccess,final String methodName,Object...args)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);
        final Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ClassUtils.toClass(args);
        return invokeMethod(object, forceAccess, methodName, args, parameterTypes);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a named method whose parameter type matches the object type.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method supports calls to methods taking primitive parameters
     * via passing in wrapping classes. So, for example, a {@code Boolean} object
     * would match a {@code boolean} primitive.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param forceAccess
     *            force access to invoke method even if it's not accessible
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat null as empty array
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            match these parameters - treat null as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible via reflection
     * @since 3.5
     */
    public static Object invokeMethod(
                    final Object object,
                    final boolean forceAccess,
                    final String methodName,
                    Object[] args,
                    Class<?>[] parameterTypes) throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        parameterTypes = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(parameterTypes);
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);

        final String messagePrefix;
        Method method = null;

        if (forceAccess){
            messagePrefix = "No such method: ";
            method = getMatchingMethod(object.getClass(), methodName, parameterTypes);
            if (method != null && !method.isAccessible()){
                method.setAccessible(true);
            }
        }else{
            messagePrefix = "No such accessible method: ";
            method = getMatchingAccessibleMethod(object.getClass(), methodName, parameterTypes);
        }

        if (method == null){
            throw new NoSuchMethodException(messagePrefix + methodName + "() on object: " + object.getClass().getName());
        }
        args = toVarArgs(method, args);

        return method.invoke(object, args);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a named method whose parameter type matches the object type.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method delegates the method search to {@link #getMatchingAccessibleMethod(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method supports calls to methods taking primitive parameters
     * via passing in wrapping classes. So, for example, a {@code Boolean} object
     * would match a {@code boolean} primitive.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat null as empty array
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            match these parameters - treat null as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible via reflection
     */
    public static Object invokeMethod(final Object object,final String methodName,final Object[] args,final Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        return invokeMethod(object, false, methodName, args, parameterTypes);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a method whose parameter types match exactly the object
     * types.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This uses reflection to invoke the method obtained from a call to
     * {@link #getAccessibleMethod}(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the
     *             method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible
     *             via reflection
     *
     * @since 3.4
     */
    public static Object invokeExactMethod(final Object object,final String methodName)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        return invokeExactMethod(object, methodName, ArrayUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY, null);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a method with no parameters.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This uses reflection to invoke the method obtained from a call to
     * {@link #getAccessibleMethod}(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat null as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the
     *             method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible
     *             via reflection
     */
    public static Object invokeExactMethod(final Object object,final String methodName,Object...args)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);
        final Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ClassUtils.toClass(args);
        return invokeExactMethod(object, methodName, args, parameterTypes);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a method whose parameter types match exactly the parameter
     * types given.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This uses reflection to invoke the method obtained from a call to
     * {@link #getAccessibleMethod(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param object
     *            invoke method on this object
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat null as empty array
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            match these parameters - treat {@code null} as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the
     *             method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible
     *             via reflection
     */
    public static Object invokeExactMethod(final Object object,final String methodName,Object[] args,Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);
        parameterTypes = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(parameterTypes);
        final Method method = getAccessibleMethod(object.getClass(), methodName, parameterTypes);
        if (method == null){
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("No such accessible method: " + methodName + "() on object: " + object.getClass().getName());
        }
        return method.invoke(object, args);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a {@code static} method whose parameter types match exactly the parameter
     * types given.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This uses reflection to invoke the method obtained from a call to
     * {@link #getAccessibleMethod(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param cls
     *            invoke static method on this class
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat {@code null} as empty array
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            match these parameters - treat {@code null} as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the
     *             method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible
     *             via reflection
     */
    public static Object invokeExactStaticMethod(final Class<?> cls,final String methodName,Object[] args,Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);
        parameterTypes = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(parameterTypes);
        final Method method = getAccessibleMethod(cls, methodName, parameterTypes);
        if (method == null){
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("No such accessible method: " + methodName + "() on class: " + cls.getName());
        }
        return method.invoke(null, args);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a named {@code static} method whose parameter type matches the object type.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method delegates the method search to {@link #getMatchingAccessibleMethod(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method supports calls to methods taking primitive parameters
     * via passing in wrapping classes. So, for example, a {@code Boolean} class
     * would match a {@code boolean} primitive.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This is a convenient wrapper for
     * {@link #invokeStaticMethod(Class, String, Object[], Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param cls
     *            invoke static method on this class
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat {@code null} as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the
     *             method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible
     *             via reflection
     */
    public static Object invokeStaticMethod(final Class<?> cls,final String methodName,Object...args)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);
        final Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ClassUtils.toClass(args);
        return invokeStaticMethod(cls, methodName, args, parameterTypes);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a named {@code static} method whose parameter type matches the object type.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method delegates the method search to {@link #getMatchingAccessibleMethod(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method supports calls to methods taking primitive parameters
     * via passing in wrapping classes. So, for example, a {@code Boolean} class
     * would match a {@code boolean} primitive.
     * </p>
     *
     *
     * @param cls
     *            invoke static method on this class
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat {@code null} as empty array
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            match these parameters - treat {@code null} as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the
     *             method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible
     *             via reflection
     */
    public static Object invokeStaticMethod(final Class<?> cls,final String methodName,Object[] args,Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);
        parameterTypes = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(parameterTypes);
        final Method method = getMatchingAccessibleMethod(cls, methodName, parameterTypes);
        if (method == null){
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("No such accessible method: " + methodName + "() on class: " + cls.getName());
        }
        args = toVarArgs(method, args);
        return method.invoke(null, args);
    }

    private static Object[] toVarArgs(final Method method,Object[] args){
        if (method.isVarArgs()){
            final Class<?>[] methodParameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
            args = getVarArgs(args, methodParameterTypes);
        }
        return args;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Given an arguments array passed to a varargs method, return an array of arguments in the canonical form,
     * i.e. an array with the declared number of parameters, and whose last parameter is an array of the varargs type.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param args
     *            the array of arguments passed to the varags method
     * @param methodParameterTypes
     *            the declared array of method parameter types
     * @return an array of the variadic arguments passed to the method
     * @since 3.5
     */
    static Object[] getVarArgs(final Object[] args,final Class<?>[] methodParameterTypes){
        if (args.length == methodParameterTypes.length && (args[args.length - 1] == null
                        || args[args.length - 1].getClass().equals(methodParameterTypes[methodParameterTypes.length - 1]))){
            // The args array is already in the canonical form for the method.
            return args;
        }

        // Construct a new array matching the method's declared parameter types.
        final Object[] newArgs = new Object[methodParameterTypes.length];

        // Copy the normal (non-varargs) parameters
        System.arraycopy(args, 0, newArgs, 0, methodParameterTypes.length - 1);

        // Construct a new array for the variadic parameters
        final Class<?> varArgComponentType = methodParameterTypes[methodParameterTypes.length - 1].getComponentType();
        final int varArgLength = args.length - methodParameterTypes.length + 1;

        Object varArgsArray = Array.newInstance(ClassUtils.primitiveToWrapper(varArgComponentType), varArgLength);
        // Copy the variadic arguments into the varargs array.
        System.arraycopy(args, methodParameterTypes.length - 1, varArgsArray, 0, varArgLength);

        if (varArgComponentType.isPrimitive()){
            // unbox from wrapper type to primitive type
            varArgsArray = ArrayUtils.toPrimitive(varArgsArray);
        }

        // Store the varargs array in the last position of the array to return
        newArgs[methodParameterTypes.length - 1] = varArgsArray;

        // Return the canonical varargs array.
        return newArgs;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Invokes a {@code static} method whose parameter types match exactly the object
     * types.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This uses reflection to invoke the method obtained from a call to
     * {@link #getAccessibleMethod(Class, String, Class[])}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param cls
     *            invoke static method on this class
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param args
     *            use these arguments - treat {@code null} as empty array
     * @return The value returned by the invoked method
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     *             if there is no such accessible method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     *             wraps an exception thrown by the
     *             method invoked
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     *             if the requested method is not accessible
     *             via reflection
     */
    public static Object invokeExactStaticMethod(final Class<?> cls,final String methodName,Object...args)
                    throws NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException{
        args = ArrayUtils.nullToEmpty(args);
        final Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ClassUtils.toClass(args);
        return invokeExactStaticMethod(cls, methodName, args, parameterTypes);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Returns an accessible method (that is, one that can be invoked via
     * reflection) with given name and parameters. If no such method
     * can be found, return {@code null}.
     * This is just a convenience wrapper for
     * {@link #getAccessibleMethod(Method)}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param cls
     *            get method from this class
     * @param methodName
     *            get method with this name
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            with these parameters types
     * @return The accessible method
     */
    public static Method getAccessibleMethod(final Class<?> cls,final String methodName,final Class<?>...parameterTypes){
        try{
            return getAccessibleMethod(cls.getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes));
        }catch (final NoSuchMethodException e){
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Returns an accessible method (that is, one that can be invoked via
     * reflection) that implements the specified Method. If no such method
     * can be found, return {@code null}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param method
     *            The method that we wish to call
     * @return The accessible method
     */
    public static Method getAccessibleMethod(Method method){
        if (!MemberUtils.isAccessible(method)){
            return null;
        }
        // If the declaring class is public, we are done
        final Class<?> cls = method.getDeclaringClass();
        if (Modifier.isPublic(cls.getModifiers())){
            return method;
        }
        final String methodName = method.getName();
        final Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();

        // Check the implemented interfaces and subinterfaces
        method = getAccessibleMethodFromInterfaceNest(cls, methodName, parameterTypes);

        // Check the superclass chain
        if (method == null){
            method = getAccessibleMethodFromSuperclass(cls, methodName, parameterTypes);
        }
        return method;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Returns an accessible method (that is, one that can be invoked via
     * reflection) by scanning through the superclasses. If no such method
     * can be found, return {@code null}.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param cls
     *            Class to be checked
     * @param methodName
     *            Method name of the method we wish to call
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            The parameter type signatures
     * @return the accessible method or {@code null} if not found
     */
    private static Method getAccessibleMethodFromSuperclass(final Class<?> cls,final String methodName,final Class<?>...parameterTypes){
        Class<?> parentClass = cls.getSuperclass();
        while (parentClass != null){
            if (Modifier.isPublic(parentClass.getModifiers())){
                try{
                    return parentClass.getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
                }catch (final NoSuchMethodException e){
                    return null;
                }
            }
            parentClass = parentClass.getSuperclass();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Returns an accessible method (that is, one that can be invoked via
     * reflection) that implements the specified method, by scanning through
     * all implemented interfaces and subinterfaces. If no such method
     * can be found, return {@code null}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * There isn't any good reason why this method must be {@code private}.
     * It is because there doesn't seem any reason why other classes should
     * call this rather than the higher level methods.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param cls
     *            Parent class for the interfaces to be checked
     * @param methodName
     *            Method name of the method we wish to call
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            The parameter type signatures
     * @return the accessible method or {@code null} if not found
     */
    private static Method getAccessibleMethodFromInterfaceNest(Class<?> cls,final String methodName,final Class<?>...parameterTypes){
        // Search up the superclass chain
        for (; cls != null; cls = cls.getSuperclass()){

            // Check the implemented interfaces of the parent class
            final Class<?>[] interfaces = cls.getInterfaces();
            for (final Class<?> anInterface : interfaces){
                // Is this interface public?
                if (!Modifier.isPublic(anInterface.getModifiers())){
                    continue;
                }
                // Does the method exist on this interface?
                try{
                    return anInterface.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
                }catch (final NoSuchMethodException e){ // NOPMD
                    /*
                     * Swallow, if no method is found after the loop then this
                     * method returns null.
                     */
                }
                // Recursively check our parent interfaces
                final Method method = getAccessibleMethodFromInterfaceNest(anInterface, methodName, parameterTypes);
                if (method != null){
                    return method;
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Finds an accessible method that matches the given name and has compatible parameters.
     * Compatible parameters mean that every method parameter is assignable from
     * the given parameters.
     * In other words, it finds a method with the given name
     * that will take the parameters given.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method is used by
     * {@link
     * #invokeMethod(Object object, String methodName, Object[] args, Class[] parameterTypes)}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This method can match primitive parameter by passing in wrapper classes.
     * For example, a {@code Boolean} will match a primitive {@code boolean}
     * parameter.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param cls
     *            find method in this class
     * @param methodName
     *            find method with this name
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            find method with most compatible parameters
     * @return The accessible method
     */
    public static Method getMatchingAccessibleMethod(final Class<?> cls,final String methodName,final Class<?>...parameterTypes){
        try{
            final Method method = cls.getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
            MemberUtils.setAccessibleWorkaround(method);
            return method;
        }catch (final NoSuchMethodException e){ // NOPMD - Swallow the exception
        }
        // search through all methods
        final Method[] methods = cls.getMethods();
        final List<Method> matchingMethods = new ArrayList<>();
        for (final Method method : methods){
            // compare name and parameters
            if (method.getName().equals(methodName) && MemberUtils.isMatchingMethod(method, parameterTypes)){
                matchingMethods.add(method);
            }
        }

        // Sort methods by signature to force deterministic result
        Collections.sort(matchingMethods, METHOD_BY_SIGNATURE);

        Method bestMatch = null;
        for (final Method method : matchingMethods){
            // get accessible version of method
            final Method accessibleMethod = getAccessibleMethod(method);
            if (accessibleMethod != null
                            && (bestMatch == null || MemberUtils.compareMethodFit(accessibleMethod, bestMatch, parameterTypes) < 0)){
                bestMatch = accessibleMethod;
            }
        }
        if (bestMatch != null){
            MemberUtils.setAccessibleWorkaround(bestMatch);
        }

        if (bestMatch != null && bestMatch.isVarArgs() && bestMatch.getParameterTypes().length > 0 && parameterTypes.length > 0){
            final Class<?>[] methodParameterTypes = bestMatch.getParameterTypes();
            final Class<?> methodParameterComponentType = methodParameterTypes[methodParameterTypes.length - 1].getComponentType();
            final String methodParameterComponentTypeName = ClassUtils.primitiveToWrapper(methodParameterComponentType).getName();

            final Class<?> lastParameterType = parameterTypes[parameterTypes.length - 1];
            final String parameterTypeName = (lastParameterType == null) ? null : lastParameterType.getName();
            final String parameterTypeSuperClassName = (lastParameterType == null) ? null : lastParameterType.getSuperclass().getName();

            if (parameterTypeName != null && parameterTypeSuperClassName != null
                            && !methodParameterComponentTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)
                            && !methodParameterComponentTypeName.equals(parameterTypeSuperClassName)){
                return null;
            }
        }

        return bestMatch;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Retrieves a method whether or not it's accessible. If no such method
     * can be found, return {@code null}.
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param cls
     *            The class that will be subjected to the method search
     * @param methodName
     *            The method that we wish to call
     * @param parameterTypes
     *            Argument class types
     * @return The method
     *
     * @since 3.5
     */
    public static Method getMatchingMethod(final Class<?> cls,final String methodName,final Class<?>...parameterTypes){
        Validate.notNull(cls, "Null class not allowed.");
        notEmpty(methodName, "Null or blank methodName not allowed.");

        // Address methods in superclasses
        Method[] methodArray = cls.getDeclaredMethods();
        final List<Class<?>> superclassList = ClassUtils.getAllSuperclasses(cls);
        for (final Class<?> klass : superclassList){
            methodArray = ArrayUtils.addAll(methodArray, klass.getDeclaredMethods());
        }

        Method inexactMatch = null;
        for (final Method method : methodArray){
            if (methodName.equals(method.getName()) && Objects.deepEquals(parameterTypes, method.getParameterTypes())){
                return method;
            }else if (methodName.equals(method.getName()) && ClassUtils.isAssignable(parameterTypes, method.getParameterTypes(), true)){
                if (inexactMatch == null){
                    inexactMatch = method;
                }else if (distance(parameterTypes, method.getParameterTypes()) < distance(
                                parameterTypes,
                                inexactMatch.getParameterTypes())){
                    inexactMatch = method;
                }
            }

        }
        return inexactMatch;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Validate that the specified argument character sequence is
     * neither {@code null} nor a length of zero (no characters);
     * otherwise throwing an exception with the specified message.
     *
     * <pre>
     * Validate.notEmpty(myString, "The string must not be empty");
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param <T>
     *            the character sequence type
     * @param chars
     *            the character sequence to check, validated not null by this method
     * @param message
     *            the {@link String#format(String, Object...)} exception message if invalid, not null
     * @param values
     *            the optional values for the formatted exception message, null array not recommended
     * @return the validated character sequence (never {@code null} method for chaining)
     * @throws NullPointerException
     *             if the character sequence is {@code null}
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             if the character sequence is empty
     */
    private static <T extends CharSequence> T notEmpty(final T chars,final String message,final Object...values){
        Objects.requireNonNull(chars, () -> String.format(message, values));
        if (chars.length() == 0){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(message, values));
        }
        return chars;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Returns the aggregate number of inheritance hops between assignable argument class types. Returns -1
     * if the arguments aren't assignable. Fills a specific purpose for getMatchingMethod and is not generalized.
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param classArray
     * @param toClassArray
     * @return the aggregate number of inheritance hops between assignable argument class types.
     */
    private static int distance(final Class<?>[] classArray,final Class<?>[] toClassArray){
        int answer = 0;

        if (!ClassUtils.isAssignable(classArray, toClassArray, true)){
            return -1;
        }
        for (int offset = 0; offset < classArray.length; offset++){
            // Note InheritanceUtils.distance() uses different scoring system.
            if (classArray[offset].equals(toClassArray[offset])){
                continue;
            }else if (ClassUtils.isAssignable(classArray[offset], toClassArray[offset], true)
                            && !ClassUtils.isAssignable(classArray[offset], toClassArray[offset], false)){
                answer++;
            }else{
                answer = answer + 2;
            }
        }

        return answer;
    }

    /**
     * Gets all class level public methods of the given class that are annotated with the given annotation.
     * 
     * @param cls
     *            the {@link Class} to query
     * @param annotationCls
     *            the {@link java.lang.annotation.Annotation} that must be present on a method to be matched
     * @return an array of Methods (possibly empty).
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             if the class or annotation are {@code null}
     * @since 3.4
     */
    public static Method[] getMethodsWithAnnotation(final Class<?> cls,final Class<? extends Annotation> annotationCls){
        return getMethodsWithAnnotation(cls, annotationCls, false, false);
    }

    /**
     * Gets all class level public methods of the given class that are annotated with the given annotation.
     * 
     * @param cls
     *            the {@link Class} to query
     * @param annotationCls
     *            the {@link Annotation} that must be present on a method to be matched
     * @return a list of Methods (possibly empty).
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             if the class or annotation are {@code null}
     * @since 3.4
     */
    public static List<Method> getMethodsListWithAnnotation(final Class<?> cls,final Class<? extends Annotation> annotationCls){
        return getMethodsListWithAnnotation(cls, annotationCls, false, false);
    }

    /**
     * Gets all methods of the given class that are annotated with the given annotation.
     * 
     * @param cls
     *            the {@link Class} to query
     * @param annotationCls
     *            the {@link java.lang.annotation.Annotation} that must be present on a method to be matched
     * @param searchSupers
     *            determines if a lookup in the entire inheritance hierarchy of the given class should be performed
     * @param ignoreAccess
     *            determines if non public methods should be considered
     * @return an array of Methods (possibly empty).
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             if the class or annotation are {@code null}
     * @since 3.6
     */
    public static Method[] getMethodsWithAnnotation(
                    final Class<?> cls,
                    final Class<? extends Annotation> annotationCls,
                    final boolean searchSupers,
                    final boolean ignoreAccess){
        final List<Method> annotatedMethodsList = getMethodsListWithAnnotation(cls, annotationCls, searchSupers, ignoreAccess);
        return annotatedMethodsList.toArray(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_METHOD_ARRAY);
    }

    /**
     * Gets all methods of the given class that are annotated with the given annotation.
     * 
     * @param cls
     *            the {@link Class} to query
     * @param annotationCls
     *            the {@link Annotation} that must be present on a method to be matched
     * @param searchSupers
     *            determines if a lookup in the entire inheritance hierarchy of the given class should be performed
     * @param ignoreAccess
     *            determines if non public methods should be considered
     * @return a list of Methods (possibly empty).
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             if the class or annotation are {@code null}
     * @since 3.6
     */
    public static List<Method> getMethodsListWithAnnotation(
                    final Class<?> cls,
                    final Class<? extends Annotation> annotationCls,
                    final boolean searchSupers,
                    final boolean ignoreAccess){

        Validate.notNull(cls, "The class must not be null");
        Validate.isTrue(annotationCls != null, "The annotation class must not be null");
        final List<Class<?>> classes = (searchSupers ? getAllSuperclassesAndInterfaces(cls) : new ArrayList<>());
        classes.add(0, cls);
        final List<Method> annotatedMethods = new ArrayList<>();
        for (final Class<?> acls : classes){
            final Method[] methods = (ignoreAccess ? acls.getDeclaredMethods() : acls.getMethods());
            for (final Method method : methods){
                if (method.getAnnotation(annotationCls) != null){
                    annotatedMethods.add(method);
                }
            }
        }
        return annotatedMethods;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Gets the annotation object with the given annotation type that is present on the given method
     * or optionally on any equivalent method in super classes and interfaces. Returns null if the annotation
     * type was not present.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * Stops searching for an annotation once the first annotation of the specified type has been
     * found. Additional annotations of the specified type will be silently ignored.
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param <A>
     *            the annotation type
     * @param method
     *            the {@link Method} to query
     * @param annotationCls
     *            the {@link Annotation} to check if is present on the method
     * @param searchSupers
     *            determines if a lookup in the entire inheritance hierarchy of the given class is performed
     *            if the annotation was not directly present
     * @param ignoreAccess
     *            determines if underlying method has to be accessible
     * @return the first matching annotation, or {@code null} if not found
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *             if the method or annotation are {@code null}
     * @since 3.6
     */
    public static <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(
                    final Method method,
                    final Class<A> annotationCls,
                    final boolean searchSupers,
                    final boolean ignoreAccess){

        Validate.notNull(method, "The method must not be null");
        Validate.isTrue(annotationCls != null, "The annotation class must not be null");
        if (!ignoreAccess && !MemberUtils.isAccessible(method)){
            return null;
        }

        A annotation = method.getAnnotation(annotationCls);

        if (annotation == null && searchSupers){
            final Class<?> mcls = method.getDeclaringClass();
            final List<Class<?>> classes = getAllSuperclassesAndInterfaces(mcls);
            for (final Class<?> acls : classes){
                final Method equivalentMethod = (ignoreAccess
                                ? MethodUtils.getMatchingMethod(acls, method.getName(), method.getParameterTypes())
                                : MethodUtils.getMatchingAccessibleMethod(acls, method.getName(), method.getParameterTypes()));
                if (equivalentMethod != null){
                    annotation = equivalentMethod.getAnnotation(annotationCls);
                    if (annotation != null){
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return annotation;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Gets a combination of {@link ClassUtils#getAllSuperclasses}(Class)} and
     * {@link ClassUtils#getAllInterfaces}(Class)}, one from superclasses, one
     * from interfaces, and so on in a breadth first way.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param cls
     *            the class to look up, may be {@code null}
     * @return the combined {@code List} of superclasses and interfaces in order
     *         going up from this one
     *         {@code null} if null input
     */
    private static List<Class<?>> getAllSuperclassesAndInterfaces(final Class<?> cls){
        if (cls == null){
            return null;
        }

        final List<Class<?>> allSuperClassesAndInterfaces = new ArrayList<>();
        final List<Class<?>> allSuperclasses = ClassUtils.getAllSuperclasses(cls);
        int superClassIndex = 0;
        final List<Class<?>> allInterfaces = ClassUtils.getAllInterfaces(cls);
        int interfaceIndex = 0;
        while (interfaceIndex < allInterfaces.size() || superClassIndex < allSuperclasses.size()){
            Class<?> acls;
            if (interfaceIndex >= allInterfaces.size()){
                acls = allSuperclasses.get(superClassIndex++);
            }else if (superClassIndex >= allSuperclasses.size()){
                acls = allInterfaces.get(interfaceIndex++);
            }else if (interfaceIndex < superClassIndex){
                acls = allInterfaces.get(interfaceIndex++);
            }else if (superClassIndex < interfaceIndex){
                acls = allSuperclasses.get(superClassIndex++);
            }else{
                acls = allInterfaces.get(interfaceIndex++);
            }
            allSuperClassesAndInterfaces.add(acls);
        }
        return allSuperClassesAndInterfaces;
    }
}
